
DEPARTMENT 
UBLICITY AND PROMOTION, 

World's Columbian Exposition, 
1892. 



3ricf ten Cents 



I. MCNALLr & CO., PRINTERS. CHICAGO. 




"5oo OFFICIAL GUIDE 



TO THE 



GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS OF THE 



World's Columbian Exposition 



DURING CONSTRUCTION. 



PUBLISHED BY 

World's Columbian Exposition, 

Department Publicity and Promotion, 
October, 1892. 



c HICAGO: 

Rand, McNally & Co., Printers. 

1892. 



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HOW TO REACH THE GROUNDS. 



The Exposition Grounds include all of 
Jackson Park and the Midway Plaisance, 
and lie seven miies south of the City Hall, 
or center of the down-town district. Time 
from the city to the grounds — by railroad, 
30 minutes; by steamboat, 45 minutes; by 
cable cars, 45 minutes. 

Visitors can reach the grounds from 
the city: 

By the Illinois Central Railroad, leav- 
ing the cars at South Park station or 
Woodlawn Park station. Trains run 



every 20 minutes each way. Round trip 
fare, 25 cents. 

By the boats of the World's Fair Trans- 
portation Co., leaving the docks on the 
lake front, between Monroe and Van 
Buren* streets, and landing at the Exposi- 
tion pier, opposite the foot of 58th street. 
Round trip fare, 25 cents. 

By the Cottage Grove Avenue cable 
cars, which run as far as the South Park 
entrance to the grounds. Fare, 5 cents 
each way. 



HOW TO SEE THE GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS 



Consult the ground pian map in this 
guide, and, beginning at your point of 
entrance to the grounds, follow the route 
indicated. In the following description 
of the grounds and buildings, visitors 
will begin where their point of entrance 



is indicated by heavy-faced type, as 
"South Park Entrance/' (page 
3), " Sixty-Second Street En- 
trance," (page 6), "Pier En- 
trance," (page 12). 



ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



South Park Entrance. 



The visitor entering here is in the 
midst of the buildings erected by the 
states for headquarters and club-houses 
during the Exposition. For descriptions 
of the twenty-nine state buildings in 
process of erection in October see ' ' State 
Buildings" in this book. 

The first of the grear Exposition build- 
ings, to the east of the entrance, is that 
for 

Fine Arts — Dimensions, 320 by 500 
feet. Two annexes, each 120 by 200 feet. 
Total floor area, 5. 1 acres. Total wall area 
for picture hanging, 145,852 square feet 
The nave and transept — which intersect 
the building north, south, east, and west 
— are 100 feet wide by 70 feet high. 
Height of dome, 125 feet. Diameter of 
dome, 60 feet. Cost of building, $670,000. 



Architect, C. B. Atwood, designer-in- 
chief of the construction department of 
the Exposition. Material — 13,000,000 
brick, 1,359,000 pounds of structural iron, 
3,000,000 feet of lumber. 

This building is necessarily fire-proof, 
although the construction is designed to 
be temporary The walls are brick; the 
roof, floors, and galleries are of iron. 

South of the Fine Arts building and 
across the lake is the building for 

Illinois — Dimensions, 160 by 450 
feet. Floor area, 3.2 acres. Cost, $250,000. 
Height of dome, 234 feet. Architects, 
Boyington & Co., of Chicago; contractors, 
Harlev & Sons, of Chicago. Material — 
3,000,000 feet of lumber, 1,300,000 pounds 
of iron. 

This building is by far the most preten- 
tious of the state buildings, and can be 
classed as one of the great Exposition 



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ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



structures. The plan of the building 
forms a Greek cross, whose main axis is 
450 feet long by 160 feet wide, and lies 
east and west, while the shorter axis is 285 
feet long with an average width of 98 feet. 
At the intersection of the arms of the 
cross rises the dome, with a diameter of 
75 feet at the base, and a height of 152 
feet to the top of inner dome. This dome 
has, besides, a continuation of the gallery, 
15 feet above the floor, that runs around 
the main hall, and another, 96 feet above 
the floor, reached by two circular stairs in 
piers of dome. At the east and west are 
two large public entrances, at either side 
of which are rooms extending the entire 
width of the building, and about 29 feet 
deep, occupying the whole height, which 
is divided into three stories. The rooms 
at the east end are chiefly used for school 
exhibition purposes, a large one on the 
ground floor being fitted up as a model 
kindergarten. Beyond this extends the 
great exhibition hall, 381 feet long, the 
central portion, 75 feet wide, being flanked 
by aisles 40 feet wide. The central divis- 
ion is lighted by windows in the clere- 
story, and by roof lights, it being 67 feet 
from the floor to the roof. The hall has 
a continuous gallery 16 feet wide and 
15 feet above the floor. The aisles are 
lighted by large semi-circular windows on 
the side walls. The southern part of the 
short arm of the cross is 121 feet wide, 
and extends 75 feet beyond the walls of 
the main building. The lines of its cor- 
nice, being extended back across the main 
building, form the external base from 
which the dome springs Its three stories 
are sub-divided into rooms halls, corri- 
dors, etc. This is the official part of the 
building, where the Governor of the state 
and his suite and the members of the 
Board of Commissioners meet to transact 
business. Some of the rooms have been 
set aside for the accommodation of the 
Woman's board. The northern arm of 
the cross is a fire -proof building, 75' feet 
wide and extending 50 feet beyond the 
main building. Its walls are brick, cov- 
ered with staff; its roof is galvanized 
iron and glass, supported by steel trusses. 
This building is called the Memorial Hall, 
and is intended to contain memorials of 
the state that are now preserved in the 
State Capitol at Springfield. 

The design of the building is an adap- 
tion of Italian Renaissance. The exterior 
accentuates the plan and construction of 



the building, no seemingly constructional 
feature being added for effect. Advan- 
tage has been taken of the plastic charac- 
ter of the outside covering in a lavish use 
of ornament, the solids, as a rule, being 
highly enriched, with here and there a 
severe treatment for contrast. The base 
of the dome rises from a series of steps, 
upon which is a double support to the 
drum, the outer one being an order of 
Corinthian columns, the inner being a 
wall, pierced by windows. Above the en- 
tablature rises the drum, which is covered 
with galvanized iron; the trusses are ac- 
cented on the outside by prominent ribs, 
and the intermediate spaces are paneled. 

A round lantern on top, 12 feet in diam- 
eter and 35 feet high, is the crowning 
feature. 

At the head of the lagoon is the 

Woman's Building — Dimen- 
sions, 199 by 388 feet. Floor area, 3.3 
acres. Cost, $138,000. Architect, Miss 
Sophia B. Hayden, of Boston. Material — 
1,600,000 feet of lumber, 173,900 pounds 
of iron. 

The building is two stories high, with 
an elevation of 60 feet. The rotunda is 
70 by 65 feet, reaching through the 
height of the building, and covered 
with a skylight. On the roof of the 
pavilions are open areas which will be 
covered with oriental awning. One will 
serve as a cafe", and the other as a tea 
garden. 

The Woman's building marks the foot 
of the Midway Plaisance, fcr description 
of which and its attractions during the 

Fair of 1893, see "Midway Plais- 
ance." 

Continuing south from the Woman's 
building the visitor passes down the long 
esplanade on the east front of the build- 
ing for 

Horticulture — Dimensions, 250 by 
998 feet. Floor area, 6.6 acres. Height 
of dome, 122 feet. Diameter of dome, 
180 feet. Cost, $300,000. Architect, 
W. L. B. Jenney, of Chicago. Material — 
2,500,000 feet of lumber, 1,138,338 
pounds of iron. 

The plan is a central pavilion with two 
end pavilions, each connected with the 
center by front and rear curtains, forming 
two interior courts, each 88 by 270 feet. 
These courts are planted with shrubs and 
orange and lemon trees. 

Under the great dome rises a miniature 
mountain covered with tree ferns, palms, 



ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



foliage, and flowers, with a realistic cas- 
cade of water tumbling over its rocks. 

The Horticulture building faces the 
center of the 

Wooded Island — Contains 1 6 
acres; will be devoted to floriculture and 
horticulture, except the extreme north 
end, where will be the 

Japanese Exhibit — The govern- 
ment of Japan will erect a permanent 
structure, a reproduction of a Japanese 
temple. It will be in the midst of a 
Japanese garden. Both will be presented 
to the city of Chicago after the Exposition, 
and they will be perpetually maintained. 

At the south end of the Horticulture 
building, the visitor crosses the avenue 
leading from the 

Sixty-Second St. Entrance. 

The visitor keeps south past the east 
front of the building for 

Transportation — Dimensions, 256 
by 960 feet. Floor area, 9.4 acres 
Material — 3,500,000 feet of lumber, 
1,100000 pounds of iron. Annex, 425 
by 900 feet. Floor area, 9.2 acres. Cost 
of both, $370,000. Architects, Adler & 
Sullivan, of Chicago. The cupola is 166 
feet high; is exactly in the center of the 
building, and is reached by eight eleva- 
tors, which will form an exhibit. The 
main entrance is a great single arch, ela- 
borately ornamented. It is the feature 
of the building, and is called the " Golden 
Door." The annex will consist of one- 
story buildings, 64 feet wide, placed 
side by side. The "Transportation" 
exhibit will include every appliance and 
vehicle for carrying purposes, from a 
cash carrier to a balloon, and from a baby 
wagon to a mogul engine. 

Continuing south, the visitor passes 
along the west front of the building for 

Mines and Mining— Dimensions, 
350 by 700 feet. Floor area, 8.7 acres. 
Cost, $265,000. Architect, S. S. Beman, 
of Chicago. Material — 4,360,000 feet of 
lumber, 1,800,000 pounds of steel. 

The main fronts are 65 feet from 
the ground to the cornice. The main 
central entrances are 90 feet to the 
apex of the pediment. The gallery is 
60 feet wide, 25 feet from the main 
floor, and extends entirely around the 
building. The interior space inclosed 
is 630 feet long, 100 feet high in the 
center, and 47 feet high at the sides. 



This space is spanned by steel cantilever 
trusses, supported on steel columns. The 
clear space in the center is 115 feet. The 
cantilever system, as applied to roofs, was 
never used on so large a scale before. 

East of the Mines building is that for 

Electricity — Dimensions, 345 by 
690 feet. Height of nave, 112 feet; 
width 115 feet. The transept which 
crosses the nave is of the same dimen- 
sions. Height of the roof of the balance 
of the building, 62 feet. There are 
ten spires or towers, and four domes, 
the two highest towers being 195 feet. 
Floor area, 9.7 acres. Cost $410,000. 
Architects, Van Brunt & Howe, of Kan- 
sas City. Material — 5,000,000 feet of 
lumber and 1,100,000 pounds of struct- 
tural steel. This building is specially 
designed for electrical illumination at 
night. The heroic statue of Franklin, 
by Rohl-Smith, will occupy a niche in 
the building. 

Facing the Mines and Electricity build- 
ings on the south is the building for 

Administration — Dimensions, 
262 feet square. Height of outer dome, 
277i feet. Height of inner dome, 188 feet. 
Diameter of dome, 120 feet. The four 
pavilions are §i\ feet square and 74 feet 
high. The entrances are 50 feet high and 
37 feet wide. At the base of the dome, 
136 feet from the ground, is a promenade 
gallery, 18 feet wide. Cost, $550,000. 
Architect, Richard M. Hunt, of New 
York. Material — 3,250,000 t'eet of lum- 
ber, 1,562,607 pounds of structural steel. 
Floor area, 4.2 acres. 

The building is most richly ornamented 
in bas-reliefs, frescoing, and sculpture. 
Around the base of the dome, on the 
corners of the pavilions, and at the 
entrances are free groups of statuary, 
emblematic of the arts and sciences. 
These groups are from twenty to thirty 
feet in height. The building contains 
the offices of the Exposition management, 
the press headquarters, the foreign 
department, the post office, bank, and 
information bureau. 

West of the Administration building is 
the 

Terminal Railway Station- 
Where all trains entering the grounds 
during the period of the Fair will dis- 
charge passengers. All railways will 
have access to the Fair grounds from the 
city via 75th street, entering the south- 
west corner of the grounds. 



ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



South of the Administration building 
is 

Machinery Hall — Dimensions, 
492 by 846 feet. Height of roof trusses, 
100 feet; width of span, 130 feet. Floor 
area, 17.5 acres. Annex, 490 by 550 
feet. Floor area, 6.2 acres. Cost of 
both, $1,200,000. Architects, Peabody 
& Stearns, of Boston. Material in both 
— 10,500,000 feet of lumber, 11,000,000 
pounds of structural steel. 

The structure of the main building has 
the appearance of three train houses, side 
by side. The tiers of roof trusses are 
built separately, and are designed for pos- 
sible use after the Fair for railroad train 
houses. In the nave formed by each span 
is an elevated traveling crane lor moving 
machinery. 

Across the south canal, from Machinery 
Hall, and connected with it by a colon- 
nade, is the building for 

Agriculture — Dimensions, 800 by 
500 feet. Height of cornice, 65 feet. 
Height of dome, 130 feet. Floor area 15 
acres. Annex, 5 50 by 300 feet. Floor area, 
3.9 acres. Cost of both, $620,000. Arch- 
itects, McKim, Mead & White, of New 
York. Material in main building — 7,500,- 
000 feet of lumber, and 2,000,000 pounds 
of structural iron; in annex, 2,000,000 
feet of lumber. In connection with this 
building is an assembly hall, 450 by 125 
feet; seating capacity, 1,500; cost, $100,- 
000. 

This building is most richly ornamented, 
and is adorned with many groups of stat- 
uary of heroic size. The main entrance 
is 64 feet wide, and is adorned with Cor- 
inthian pillars 50 feet high and 5 feet in 
diameter. The rotunda is 100 feet in 
diameter, and is surmounted by a great 
glass dome. It is worthy of note in this 
connection that agriculture, and its kin- 
dred interests of forestry, dairy, and live- 
stock, has exhibition space under roof or 
69 acres, the buildings costing $1,218,000. 

The view east from the Administration 
building presents the 

Grand Central Court— The cen- 
ter or axis of the court is formed by the 
water basin. Its foot is marked by the 
Peristyle, its head by the Administration 
building. It is flanked on the north by 
the Manufactures, Electricity, and Mines 
buildings, and on the south by the Agri- 
culture and Machinery buildings. The 
completed work presents a magnificent 
view by day and a gorgeous spectacle by 



night. The court will be elaborately il- 
luminated with electricity. The architect- 
ural outlines of the buildings and the shore 
lines of the basin will be delineated in in- 
candescent lights. Powerful search lights 
will bathe the marble-like palaces in floods 
of ever changing light, and the great elec- 
tric fountain at the head of the basin will 
spout an iridescent deluge. 

At this point the visitor may take the 
route south, following the arrow lines on 
the map, and returning again take up the 
route eas,t to the lake. The route south 
presents first adjoining Machinery Hall on 
the south, the pumping works, power 
house, and machine shops. 

Pumping Works— Is 77 by 84 
feet. The two pumps have a capacity of 
40,000,000 gallons of water per day, 
which constitutes the main Exposition 
water supply. 

Power House— Is 100 by 461 feet. 
Here will be stationed the engines for 
the 24,000 horse-power to be provided. 
The largest engine in the plant is about 
twice the size and power of the celebrated 
Corliss engine. Oil will be used for fuel. 
The boilers present a solid bank 600 feet 
long. Of the 24,000 horse-power, 17,000 
is provided for electricity. 

Machine Shop — Is 146 by 250 feet. 

A complete outfit of repairing tools and 
machines is furnished free as an exhibit. 
The machine shop, pump house, and 
power house cost $85,000. 

South of the power house is the 

Sawmill — 125 by 300 feet; cost, $35,- 
000. Sawmills in operation as exhibits 
will be shown here. 

Stock Exhibit — Forty acres are 
covered by the buildings for the stock ex- 
hibit. The pavilion is a great oblong 
building, having a show-ring for animals 
and an amphitheater for spectators. The 
pavilion is 280 by 440 feet in size. The 
stock-sheds are built after the style of the 
Spanish or Mexican hacienda — a hollow 
square, entrance to the stall being from 
the court. The total cost of the buildings 
for live-stock is $335,000. 

Dairy Barn — Here will be stabled 
the cows participating in the milk, butter, 
and cheese tests, to be conducted during 
the Exposition. 

Intramural Railroad — The car 

house and power house for the railroad are 
east of the dairy barns. The road is ele- 
vated, has electric power, and will trans- 
port visitors about the grounds. 



ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



9 



South of the power house is the 

Cleansing Works — For chemical- 
ly purifying 

Sewerage — The rain-water from the 
roofs is conducted by one system of un- 
der., round pipes into the interior water- 
ways. The flood water from the ground 
is conducted by another system of pipes 
into Lake Michigan. The sewage proper 
is forced by hydraulic pressure through a 
third system of pipes to the cleansing 
works. Here it is precipitated into tanks, 
where it is purified by a chemical process, 
and the solids are pressed into cakes and 
burned under the boilers. This sewerage 
system is on a scale sufficiently large for 
a city of 600,000 population, and it will 
constitute an exhibit in itself. 

Lying on the lake shore, and the most 
southerly of the main Exposition build- 
ings, is the 

Forestry — Dimensions, 208 by 528 
feet. Floor area, 2.6 acres. Cost, $100,- 
000. Material — 2,400,000 feet of lumber. 

No iron enters into the construction of 
this building, wooden pins being used in- 
stead of bolts or rods. It is entirely 
surrounded by a row of rustic columns 
of natural tree trunks, with the bark on. 
Each state in the union supplies three 
trees, typical of the timber of the state. 

Adjoining the Forestry is the 

Dairy — Dimensions, 100 by 200 feet. 
Cost, $30,000. Material — 600,000 feet 
of lumber. Dairy tests, butter-making, 
etc., will be conducted here, and dairy 
machinery shown. 

North along the lake shore is the special 
building for the 

Leather Exhibit — 150 by 600 feet 
in size. Here will be shown leather and 
all its manufactured products. 

Beyond is a special building for an 
exhibit from the great Krupp Gun Works, 
of Germany, and on the rocky promontory 
jutting into the lake is the 

Convent of La Kabida — It will 

be an exact reproduction of the Convent of 
LaRabidain Spain, where Columbus found 
shelter, in time of trouble, for himself 
and boy, and where he developed his 
theory of an undiscovered continent in the 
west. The building is considered more 
closely connected with Columbus and his 
great work than any other. It will cost 
$50,000. 

Taking up the route again east from 
the«Electricity Building, the visitor crosses 
the north canal and is in the shadow of 



the architectural leviathan of the world, 
the building for 

Manufactures and Liberal 
Arts — Dimensions, 1,687 by 787 feet. 
Height of walls, 66 feet. Height of four 
center pavilions, 122 feet. Height of four 
corner pavilions, 97 feet. Height of 
roof over central hall, 237.6 feet. Height 
of roof-truss over central hall, 212.9 ^ eet - 
Height clear, from the floor, 202.9 f eet - 
vSpan of truss, 382 feet. Span in the 
clear, 354 feet. Width of truss at base, 
14 feet;' at hip, 32 feet; at apex, 10 feet. 
Weight of truss, 300,000 pounds; with 
purlines, 400,000 pounds. Ground area 
of building, 30.47 acres. Floor area, 
including galleries, 44 acres. Cost, 
$1,700,000. Material — 17,000,000 feet 
of lumber; 12,000,000 pounds of steel in 
trusses of central hall; 2,000,000 pounds 
of iron in roof of nave. Architect, Geo. B. 
Post, of New York. 

The building is rectangular in form, 
and the interior is divided into a great 
central hall, 380 by 1,280 feet, which is 
surrounded by a nave, 107 feet wide. 
Both hall and nave have a 50 foot gallery, 
extending entirely around them. This 
building is the largest in the world, and is 
the largest under roof ever erected. Its 
unequaled size makes it one of the archi- 
tectural wonders of the world. It is 
three times larger than the Cathedral of 
St. Peter, in Rome, and any church in 
Chicago could be placed in the vestibule 
of St. Peter's. It is four times larger 
than the old Roman Coloseum, which 
seated 80, oco persons. If the great pyra- 
mid Cheops could be removed to Chicago, 
it could be piled up in this building with 
the galleries left from which to view the 
stone. The central hall, which is a single 
room without a supporting pillar under its 
roof, has in its floor a fraction less than 
eleven acres, and 75,000 persons can sit 
in this room, giving each one six square 
feet of space By the same arrangement, 
the entire building will seat 300,000 peo- 
p'e. It is theoretically possible to mobil- 
ize the standing army of Russia under its 
roof. There are 7,000,000 feet of lum- 
ber in the floor, and it required five car- 
loads of nails to fasten the 215 carloads 
of flooring to the joists. Six games of 
outdoor base ball might be played simulta- 
neously on this floor, and the ball batted 
from either field would insure the bats- 
man a " home run." The Auditorium is 
the most notable building in Chicago, but 



ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



11 



twenty such buildings could be placed on 
this floor. There are n acres of skylights 
and 40 carloads of glass in the roof. The 
iron and steel structure of this roof would 
build two Brooklyn bridges, while there 
is in it 1,400 tons more metal than in the 
Eades Bridge at St. Louis. There are 
22 main trusses in the roof of the central 
hall, and it required 600 flat cars to bring 
them from the iron works to Chicago. 
These trusses are twice the size of the 
next largest in existence, which are 90 
feet high and span 250 feet. The latter 
are in the Pennsylvania railroad depot at 
Jersey City. 

The lumber in the Manufactures build- 
ing represents 1,100 acres of average 
Michigan pine trees. This building will 
be provided with 10,000 electric lights. 
Its aisles will be laid off as streets, and 
lighted by ornamental lamp-posts bearing 
shielded arc lights. The dedication cere- 
monies will be held here, when the build- 
ing will be arranged to seat 125,000 per- 
sons. 

Enclosing the water basin and consti- 
tuting the grand entrance to the Exposi- 
tion is the 

Peristyle — The connecting struc- 
ture between the Music Hall and the 
Casino, at the foot of the basin. It is 
600 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 60 feet 
high. At its center is a grand archway, 
forming a portal from Lake Michigan to 
the Grand Central Court. This portal is 
dedicated to Columbus, and is inscribed 
with the names of the world's great ex- 
plorers. Crowning it is a group of statuary, 
emblematic of the progress of the world. 
The Peristyle bears 48 columns, represent- 
ing the states and territories. Each 
state's column bears its coat of arms. The 
cost of the Peristyle, with the Casino and 
Music Hall, is $300,000. 

Music Hall — At the north end of the 
Peristyle, is 140 by 260 feet. The audi- 
ence hall will seat 2,000. An orchestra 
chorus of 420 is provided for. There will 
be rooms for the orchestra and the prima 
donna. 

Casino — Dimensions are the same as 
the Music Hall, 140 by 260 feet. It 
will contain restaurants and resting 
rooms. 

Turning north on the lake shore, down 
the long esplanade, beyond the Manufact- 
ures building, is the building for the 

United States Government— 

Dimensions, 345 by 415 feet. Floor area, 



6.1 acres. Cost, $400000. Material — 
4,000,000 feet of lumber, 1,800,000 
pounds of iron. Designed by Govern- 
ment Architect Windrim. Height of 
dome, 236 feet. Diameter of dome, 120 
feet. The Government exhibit includes 
exhibits by the departments of War, State, 
Post Office, Treasury, Justice. Agricul- 
ture, Interior, the Fish Commission, Na- 
tional Museum, and the Smithsonian 
Institute. The Mint shows every coin 
made by the United States, and the 
Bureau of Engraving and Printing shows 
samples of the " paper " money. A life- 
saving station, completely equipped, will 
be in operation on the lake shore. There 
will be shown a map of the United States 
400 feet square, made of plaster, and on 
a scale showing the exact curvature of the 
earth's surface, the height of mountains, 
etc. There will be an exhibit of heavy 
guns and explosives, and a daily battery 
drill in the space east of the Government 
building. 

Across the north lagoon from the Gov- 
ernment building, is the building for 

Fish and Fisheries — Dimensions, 
J 65 by 365 feet. The annexes, connected 
with the main building by arcades, are 
circular in form, and 135 feet in diameter. 
Total cost, $225,000. Total floor area, 
3.1 acres. Architect, Henry Ives Cobb, 
of Chicago. Material — 2,000,000 feet of 
lumber, 600,000 pounds of structural 
iron. 

In the main building will be the general 
fisheries exhibit. In the west annex is 
the angling exhibit, and in the east is the 
aquaria. The glass fronts of the aquaria 
ar e 575 feet in length, and have 3,000 
square feet of surface. The water capac- 
ity of the aquaria is 140,000 gallons. 
Salt water fish will be shown in tanks of 
40,000 gallons. The salt water is brought 
from the Atlantic ocean, being condensed 
for shipment to one-fifth its bulk, and 
then restored at the tanks with fresh 
water. 

Where the avenue along the lake shore 
crosses the lagoon, floats, or rather 
stands, the 

Battle-Ship — An exact reproduc- 
tion of a United States coast-line battle- 
ship. Dimensions, length, 348 feet; 
width amid-ships, 69 feet 3 inches; from 
water line to top of main deck, 12 feet; 
from water line to top of " military mast," 
76 feet. Designer, Frank W. Grogan; 
cost, $100,000. 



12 



ROUTES OF THE GROUNDS. 



The Government naval exhibit will be 
made in the battle-ship. The ship will 
be manned by a crew detailed by the 
Government, and the discipline and life 
on a man-of-war will be shown. On the 
berth deck will be shown the various 
appliances that make up a man-of-war 
outfit, including samples of clothing, pro- 
visions, and other supplies of the sailors. 
The boat will have a full battery of guns 
of the size and calibre of the actual ship. 
The guns will be made of wood, and 
covered in imitation of steel. All the 
uniforms of our sailors, from 1775 to 
1848, will be shown by janitors dressed 
in the costumes. 



From this point to the 57th street en- 
trance the route, as indicated on the map, 
lies through the territory of the state and 
foreign buildings. 

Pier Entrance. 



The visitor entering the grounds by 
boat, landing at the 58th street pier, will 
follow the route from the pier, as indi- 
cated by the arrow line on the map, to the 
South Park entrance, taking up the route 
there and following the descriptive matter 
in the guide from the head ' ' South Park 
Entrance.' ' 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



Arkansas — The design of the building 
follows classic models, it being in the 
French " Rococo" style of architecture, 
as Arkansas was originally settled by the 
French. The exterior is in plaster and 
ornamental staff work, tinted in light 
color. The interior is tinted, and the 
ornamental work is brought out in gold. 
The building has a ground area of 66 by 
92 feet. From a large circular veranda, 
which runs the width of the building, an 
elliptical entrance opens to the rotunda, 
30 by 30 feet, lighted by a central dome. 
In the center of the rotunda is a fountain 
of Flot Springs crystals, lighted by elec- 
tricity. Flanking the rotunda are six 
rooms, 15 feet square. Five of these will 
be used as exhibit rooms, with the regis- 
try room on the right of the entrai ce 
lobby. Opening from the rotunda, by 
triple arches, is the hallway, 11 by 55 feet, 
with the stairways on each side of the 
arched entrance. At the rear of the build- 
ing is the assembly hall, 25 by 65 feet, 
which is entered from the hallway through 
triple arches. In this hall, opposite the 
entrance, is a 10-foot mantel, of Arkansas 
white onyx. Columns and vases of the 
same material are placed in various parts 
of the building. On the second floor are 
parlors for men and women, a library, 
committee and officers' rooms. All of 
these rooms open on a broad gallery, over 
the rotunda, lighted from the central 
dome. 

Designer, Mrs. Jean Douglas, of Little 

Rock; architect, E. Kaufman, of Chicago; 

contractors, The Heidenrich Company, of 

Chicago; cost, $15,000. 
* 
* * 
California — Next to the building for 

Illinois, this is the largest of the state 
buildings. Its dimensions are 144 by 435 
feet. It is in the style of architecture of 
the old California mission buildings. The 
exterior is of plain plaster, artificially 
seamed and cracked, giving it the appear- 
ance of the old mission buildings while 
recessed entrances give the walls that ap- 
pearance of depth and solidity character- 
istic of the old buildings. The south 
front is a reproduction of the old Mission 



church at San Diego. The main tower 
is an exact reproduction of the San Diego 
church tower, while the remaining towers 
on the corners and center of the building 
are all, studied from the mission architect- 
ure. This building is not of the club- 
house character of most of the other state 
buildings. The entire first floor is open, 
and is devoted to the California state dis- 
play, principally of fruits and canned 
goods. There are three fountains on the 
ground floor, one in the center, and one at 
either end. The central hall is surrounded 
by a wide gallery, and on the gallery 
floor in the north end of the building is 
the banquet hall, a kitchen, and an assem- 
bly room. In the south end are four serv- 
ants' rooms, and there is a cafe in the 
gallery. The building is severely plain, 
there being no interior or exterior decora- 
tions of any kind. The walls are white- 
washed within and without. The central 
portion of the roof is devoted to a garden, 
144 feet square, surrounding the central 
dome. On either side of the main 
entrances are elevators running to the 
roof garden. These elevators are a Cali- 
fornia product, the power being a com- 
bination of steam and water. The roof 
is of California red tile. 

Architect, P. Brown, of San P>ancisco; 
contractors, The Heidenrich Company, 

of Chicago; cost, $75,000. 
* 
* * 
Colorado — Isin the Spanish renaissance, 

this style of architecture being considered 
most suitable for the southwestern states. 
The whole exterior of the building is in 
staff of an ivory color, and in the salient 
features of the design profusely orna- 
mented, the ornamentation comparing to 
fine advantage with the broad, plain sur- 
faces of the building. The striking feat- 
ure of the design is two slender Spanish 
towers, 98 feet high, rising from either 
side of the main entrance, on the east. 
The tower roofs and the broad, over- 
hanging roof of the building are covered 
with red Spanish tiles. The building is 125 
feet long, including the end porticoes, 
with a depth of 45 feet, and 26 feet to 
the cornice line. The front vestibule 



(13) 




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ST A TE. BUILDINGS. 



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opens to the main hall of the building. 
On either side of the entrance are stair- 
ways to the floor above. At the rear 
of the hall is a large onyx mantel, flanked 
by glass doors, leading to offices. 
At the ends of the hall are a men's 
smoking room and a women's reception 
room, each opening into an uncovered 
terrace, surrounded by a balustrade. On 
the second floor is the assembly room, 
extending the entire length of the build- 
ing in the center. This room has a high 
vaulted ceiling, rising above an orna- 
mented cornice. Over this cornice will be 
rows of electric lights, giving a diffused 
light, by reflection from the vault above. 
On the ends of this assembly room are a 
reading and a writing room, which open 
to the hanging balconies on the ends of 
the building, forming one of the most 
attractive exterior features. Broad, low 
casement windows open from the assembly 
rooms to the front and rear balconies, the 
front one extending between the towers, 
24 feet, and over the main entrance. 
The rear balcony extends along the entire 
length of the building. Staircases lead 
to the lanterns in the tower, where a fine 
view of the grounds is had. 

Architect, H. T. E. Wendell of Den- 
ver; contractor, W. J. Hill, of Denver; 

cost, $35,000. 

* 

Connecticut — In the Colonial style, the 
building being a type of the Connecticut 
residence, with the addition of circular 
windows on the north and south, and a 
circular piazza on the rear. It has a 
ground area of 72 by 73 feet, including 
the piazza, and is two stories high. The 
exterior is weatherboarded and painted 
white. The roof contains five dormer 
windows and is decked on top. The deck 
is surrounded by a balustrade, and from 
its center rises a flag-staff. The main en- 
trance is off a square porch, covered by 
the projecting pediment, which is sup- 
ported by heavy columns. The interior 
is finished in Colonial style, with tiled 
floors, paneled walls and Dutch mantels. 
The plumbing and carpenter's hardware 
in the building are in special designs, and 
are donated as exhibits by Connecticut 
manufacturers. On the first floor is a 
reception hall, 21 by 48 feet, with a light- 
well in the center. In the rear of the h .11 
is a stairway with a landing half-way up. 
Flanking the hall are parlors for men and 
women, The second floor is divided up 



into living rooms, and will be occupied by 
the executive World's Fair officer of Con- 
necticut, and his family, during the Fair. 
Architect, Warren R. Briggs, of Bridge- 
port; contractors, Tracy Bros., of Water- 
bury; cost, $12,000. 
* 

* * 

Florida — The building is a reproduction 

in miniature of old Fort Marion, in St. 
Augustine. The fort covers an area of 
four acres. The building on the fair 
grounds occupies one-fifth that space. It 
is in the form of a four-bastioned fortress. 
Including the moat, the site is 155 feet 
square. The building proper is 137 feet 
square. The frame is of pine, covered 
with plaster and coquina shells, in imita- 
tion of the original. The interior -is di- 
vided into parlors for men and women, com- 
mittee and exhibit rooms, and is furnished 
in Florida's native woods. The interior 
court is planted in bamboo, orange, lemon, 
and other tropical trees. The ramparts 
furnish space for promenades and hanging 
gardens. In the moat is a sunken garden, 
where will be produced miniature fields of 
cotton, sugar, rice, tobacco, etc., showing 
the natural resources of the State. W. 
Mead Nalter, of Chicago, is the architect 
of the building, which is erected under 
the direction of the Florida Board of 
Commissioners. It will cost $20,000. 

Fort Marion is the oldest structure in 
North America, the most interesting speci- 
men of Spanish supremacy in this country, 
and the only example of mediaeval fortifi- 
cation on the continent. Its erection was 
begun in 1620, and continued for 100 
years. To equip it as a garrison, required 
100 guns and 1 000 men. It was never 

taken by a besieging force. 
* 

* * 

Indiana — The building is in the French 

Gothic style of architecture, such as is 
seen in the chateaux in France. It has 
two imposing towers, 120 feet high, and 
many Gothic gables. The building has 
three stories, built of pine and Bedford 
stone, and is covered with ornamental 
staff. The roof is of gray and red shing- 
les. The floors are of tile. The main 
assembly hall on the first floor is elab- 
orately finished in the baronial style. All 
of the material used in the building comes 
from Indiana, much of the hard woods 
for interior decorations, tile floors, the 
roofing material, and the mantels being 
donated by Indiana manufacturers. The 
ground area is 100 by 150 feet. The 




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STATE BUILDINGS. 



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main entrance opens into a wide hall 
extending across the building. To the 
right of the hall is a large assembly room, 
occupying the entire south end of the 
building. The north end of the building 
is devoted to parlors and reception rooms 
for men and women. The second floor 
has reading and writing rooms, and rooms 
fi_r the men and women boards of state 
commissioners. The third floor is devoted 
to bedrooms, and a hall for dining and 
lunching. There are immense fire-places 
in the entrance hall and assembly room. 

Architect, Henry Ives Cobb, of Chicago; 
contractors, Collins & Ohm, of Chicago; 
cost, $60,000. 

* 

* * 

Iowa — A large part of the Iowa build- 
ing is constituted in what is known as the 
Jackson Park "Shelter." The building 
belongs to the Park Commission. It 
is a granite structure with a slate roof, 
with conical towers or pavilions at the 
corners. It is 77 by 123 feet in size. 
The new structure is on the west of the 
"Shelter." It is 60 by 100 feet in size, 
and two stories high. It is in wood and 
staff, with towers and roof corresponding 
to the ' ' Shelter," so that the two structures 
combine harmoniou ly after the style of a 
French chateau The " Shelter " will be 
used for a state exhibit, corresponding in 
character to the Sioux City corn palace 
exhibition. In the new part, on the first 
floor, are reception rooms for men and 
women, commissioners' offices, committee 
rooms, post office, writing and baggage 
rooms. On the second floor are the 
assembly hall, photographic exhibit, read- 
ing and reporters' rooms. 

Architects, the Josselyn & Taylor Co., 
Cedar Rapids; contractor, John G. Coder, 
of Harrisburg, Pa.; cost, $35,000. 

* * 

Kansas — The ground plan of this build- 
ing is irregular. It approaches a square, 
one side being straight, and the other 
three forming irregular angles. It has a 
ground area of 135 by 138 feet. It is two 
stories 1 igh, built of frame and staff, and 
is surmounted by an elliptical glass dome. 
The main exhibition hall occupies nearly 
all of the first floor, and extends through 
to the glass dome. A balcony, from the 
second story, overhangs the main entrance 
on the south, and a second balcony extends 
around the base of the dome. The north 
end of the main floor is occupied by a 
natural history collection. There are also 



offices for the boards of commissioners 
o 1 the first floor. Four flights of stairs 
lead to the second floor, where are rooms 
for the woman's exhibit, a school exhibit, 
and parlors for men and women. 

Architect, Seymour Davis, of Topeka; 
contractors, Fellows & Vansant, of To- 
peka; cost, $25,000. 

* * 

Maine — The building is octagonal in 

form, with a ground area of 65 feet 
square. It is two stories in height, the 
roof surmounted by a lantern in the center, 
and four corner towers. The first story 
is of granite. The exterior finish of the 
rest of the building is in wood and staff. 
The roof is of slate. The central tower 
or lantern is eighty-six feet to its highest 
point. While the first story is octagonal 
in form, the second story presents but four 
sides, each with a loggia opening to the 
rooms within. The second-story floor 
overhangs the first story one foot. The 
main entrance of these arched doorways 
faces the southeast. Over it projects a 
boat's bow, in staff. Within the entrance 
is an octagonal rotunda, open to the roof 
line, its ceiling being an ornamental col- 
ored skylight. On the first floor are par- 
lors and reception rooms for men and 
women, toilet rooms, and two commis- 
sioners' rooms. A railed gallery extends 
around the rotunda. The interior finish- 
ing is in hard w ood. The granite and roof 
slate used in construction, the skylight in 
the rotunda, and the mantels over the fire- 
places are from Maine, and are donated 
by manufacturers. 

Architect, Charles S. Frost, of Chicago; 
contractors, Grace & Hyde, of Chicago; 
cost, $20,000. 

* * 
Massachusetts — Is in the Colonial 

style, and is largely a reproduction of the 
historic John Hancock residence, which, 
until the year 1867, stood on Beacon Hill, 
Boston, near the State capitol. The 
building is three stories high, surmounted 
in the center by a cupola. The exterior 
is of staff, in imita ion of cut granite. It 
follows the lines of the old house suffi- 
ciently faithful to recall the original to 
the minds of those who have seen it. 
Like the original, it is surrounded by a 
terrace, raised above the street, and has 
in front and on one side a fore-court, 
filled with old fashioned flowers and foli- 
age, in keeping with the character of the 
building. It is approached by two flights 







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19 



of steps — one leading from the street to 
the terrace, the other from the court to 
the house. The main entrance opens to 
a spacious, well-studded hallway, with a 
tiled floor. Facing the entrance is a 
broad, Colonial staircase, leading to the 
second floor. An old fashioned, bull's- 
eye window gives light to the stairway. 
On the right of the hall is a large room, 
constituting a registration room, post 
office, and general reception room. The 
fittings and furnishings of this room are 
unique. Its marble floor, its tiled walls, 
its uncovered beams, and its high mantel 
recall the old Dutch rooms found in 
Western Massachusetts, as well as in 
New York and Pennsylvania. On the 
left of the front door, or main entrance, 
are two large parlors, which, when 
thrown together, form a room 80 by 25 
feet in size. The front parlor is fur- 
nished by the Essex Institute, of Salem, 
an old historical society. The back par- 
lor is more especially a reading room for 
men. The second floor is given over 
almost entirely to the use of women. 
There is a large and a smaller parlor, 
and two bedrooms for the use of the 
women's board. The entire floor is fur- 
nished in old fashioned furniture, and in 
the bedrooms are four-post bedsteads. 
On the third floor are rooms for servants. 
A liberty pole, 85 feet high, stands in the 
fore court, and a gilded codfish serves as 
a vane on the top of the cupola. 

Architects, Peabody & Stearns, of Bos- 
ton; contractor, C. Everett Clark, of Chi- 
cago; cost, $50,000. 
* 

* * 
Minnesota — Is designed in the Italian 

renaissance style, two stories high, with 
a mezzanine story in the rear. The frame 
is of wood, covered .with staff. The roof 
is of Spanish tile. The ground dimen- 
sions are 78 by 91 feet. The main- 
entrance is on the south. In the recess 
within the entrance is a sculptural group, 
symbolizing the legend of Minnehaha 
and Hiawatha. On the first floor is the 
exhibition hall, 52 by 78 feet, a post office, 
baggage and ticket rooms, and superin- 
tendent's room. The main stairway is in 
the rear, opposite the entrance, and on 
the landing, half-way up, is a semi- circu- 
lar bay alcove, lighted with large glass 
windows. On the second floor is a recep- 
tion hall, 30 by 33 feet, parlors and retir- 
ing rooms for men and women, and a 
committee room. In the mezzanine story 



are four bedrooms and two bath-rooms. 
The interior walls are plastered, decorated 
in fresco, in plain tints, and finished in 
pine. The women's rooms have color dec- 
orations done by women of the state. 

Architect, William Channing Whitney, 
of Minneapolis; contractors, Libbey & 
Libby, of Minneapolis; cost, $30,000. 

Missouri — The ground plan of the 
building is square, with a quarter circle 
taken out .of the southeast corner, to cor- 
respond with the form of the juncture of 
the two avenues on which it faces. 

To the south of the building is the 
palace of Fine Arts, and to the east, across 
the avenue, is Pennsylvania's building. 
The building is 86 by 86 feet, two stories 
high. In the front, and over the main 
entrance, is an elliptical dome, 70 feet 
high, flanked by smaller octagonal domes, 
48 feet high. The main entrance, which 
is in the southeast corner of the building, 
facing both avenues, is of cut brown- 
stone from the quarries of Warrensburg, 
Mo. The balance of the structure 
is frame, covered with staff, and: the 
columns and pilasters are of the same 
material. Within the main entrance is a 
rotunda with a mosaic tile floor. On 
either side of the main entrance are minor 
entrances, the one on the left leading to 
the headquarters of Western Missouri and 
Kansas City, and the one on the right 
leading to the headquarters of Eastern 
Missouri and St. Louis. Within the 
rotunda are the telegraph office and the 
post office, occupying the space under the 
octagonal dome. On either side of the 
rotunda is a fountain. On the left of the 
rotunda are two exhibit rooms, 30 by 20 
feet and 28 by 17 feet. On the right 
is a journalists' room, a reading room, a 
library, and bureau of information. 
Entrance is had to the rotunda from all 
of these rooms by tiled halls. Two 
flights of stairs, very handsome, in red and 
white oak, lead to the second floor. A 
promenade balcony with a marble floor 
overhangs the main entrance. 

A large auditorium room, irregular in 
shape, occupies the center and larger por- 
tion of the second floor. The southeast 
bay is occupied by a parlor and reading 
room for women, the southwest bay by a 
similar room for men. There are also 
toilet rooms, and a committee room, and 
a special room for the Governor of 
Missouri. On the balcony floor are six 



20 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



bedrooms, three in each bay, and a . 
kitchen. The building contains thirty- 
two rooms. It is very handsome, and 
richly ornamented. The glass is all plate. 
This plate-glass, as well as the tile for the 
roof and flooring, the plumbing, and the 
cut stone are donated by Missouri manu- 
facturers. 

Gunn & Curtis, of Kansas City, are the 
architects, and the Missouri State Com- 
mission erected the building. Its esti- 
mated cost is $45,000. 
* 
* * 

Montana — Is in the Romanesque style 

of architecture, one story in height. It 
has a ground area of 62 feet front by 113 
deep. The structure is frame, covered 
with staff, the interior being ornamented 
with heavy, projecting pilasters, with 
Roman caps and bases, and Roman 
arches. The roof is of tin and canvas, 
and the building is surmounted by a glass 
dome, 22 feet in diameter, and 38 feet 
high. The front of the building, facing 
the south, presents two side wings, with 
a large arched entrance in the center. 
The fronts of the wings are ornamented 
with heavy, scrolled pediments. The 
entrance arch is 12 by 12 feet, supported 
by heavy columns. Within is the vesti- 
bule, with marble floor and ceiling pan- 
eled in staff. It presents a series of 
three arched doorways, the center one 
opening into the rotunda, under the 
dome, the side doors leading to the men's 
and women's parlors. On either side of 
the entrance arch are balustrades, enclos- 
ing the vestibule. Flanking the arch are 
two panels, 4 by 5 feet in size, one bear- 
ing the State motto, " Oro y Plata " — 
gold and silver— and the other, "1893," 
in Roman figures. These panels are now 
in staff, but at the opening of the Expo- 
sition will be replaced in pure sheet gold. 
Above the entrance arch, and practically 
on the roof of the building, is the figure 
of an elk, of heroic size, cast in staff. 
The interior is finished in Georgia pine. 
The walls are tinted in oil. All the main 
rooms open onto the rotunda, under the 
central dome. In the rear is a banquet 
hall, 40 by 50 feet, covered by a large 
skylight. In the center of this floor 
stands a group of three mounted elks. A 
wide gallery extends around the hall, and 
in the gallery a state exhibit will be made. 
Architects, Galbraith & Fuller, of Liv- 
ingstone, Montana; contractors, Harlev 
& Sons, of Chicago; cost, $16,000. 



Nebraska — The style of architecture is 
classical, and of the Corinthian order. 
The building has a ground area of 60 by 
100 feet, and is two stories high. The 
exterior is of staff. On the east and west 
fronts are wide porticoes, approached by 
flights of steps. Over the porticoes' are 
projecting gables, supported by six col- 
umns, 25 feet high, the full distance from 
the cornice to the floor. In each pedi- 
ment is the state seal, in bas-relief, 5 feet 
in diameter. From each portico three 
large double doors of oak give entrance 
to the exhibit hall. This room is 60 by 
70 feet, and in it an agricultural display 
will be made. On the first floor, also, are 
a reception room, commissioners' office, 
baggage room and post office. A double 
stairway, 9 feet wide, leads from the cen- 
ter of the exhibit hall to the second floor. 
Here is an exhibit room 60 by 70 feet, 
used for an art exhibit. On this floor are 
a woman's parlor, reading room, smoking 
room and toilet rooms. 

Architect, Henry Voss, of Omaha; con- 
tractors, F. A. Schelius, of South Chicago; 

cost, $20,000. 

# 

New Hampshire — The mountains of 
New Flampshire probably suggested the 
Swiss cottage for a World's Fair club- 
house. The building, like the state, is 
comparatively small — 53 by 84 feet. The 
pitched, shingled roof is broken by five 
gables. The exterior is weatherboarded 
in stained Georgia pine, above a line seven 
feet from the ground. This first seven- 
foot course is in New Hampshre granite. 
Each of the two stories is surrounded on 
all sides by a wide piazza. The rooms 
on the second floor open to the piazza 
through hinged windows opening to the 
floor. The entrance is on the east, facing 
the drive on Lake Michigan. On the 
first floor is a reception hall, 22 by 36 
feet. It has two unique fire-places, in 
pressed granite brick. To the rear of 
the hall is a wing of the main building, 
two stories high, the second story being a 
wide balcony or gallery to the main floor. 
The roof is a glass skylight. A state ex- 
hibit, a picture collection, and a large 
state map, will be shown here. Besides 
the reception hall on the first floor there 
are parlors for men and women. These 
rooms are ceiled, while the reception hall 
opens to the roof and is covered with a 
skylight. The second floor has a reception 
room and six board and committee rooms. 



23 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



Architect, Geo. B. Howe, of Boston; 

contractor, II . Bernritter, of Chicago; 

cost, $8,000. 

* 
* * 
New York — The architectural idea in 

this building is that of a big summer 
house, after the manner of an Italian 
villa. Among the state buildings it ranks 
in size next to Illinois and California. It 
is three stories high, being 57 feet from 
the ground 10 the cornice. The exterior 
is in staff, in imitation of marble, and in 
keeping with the style of the main Expo- 
sition buildings. Its decked roof is sur- 
mounted and confined by a heavy balus- 
trade. Each pedestal of the balustrade 
supports a large Italian vase, in which 
grows a bay-tree, giving the building, 
together with its other characteristics, the 
air of a Pompeiian house. The flat, 
decked roof furnishes a promenade and 
summer garden. From its center rises a 
clere-story over the .banquet hall, and 
above the clere-story are two belvideres. 
On the north and south ends of the build- 
ing are circular porticoes, in each of which 
is a fountain. The general dimensions 
are 160 feet front by 105 feet deep. A 
broad flight of steps, guarded by Roman 
lions, leads to the arched entrance. 
About this entrance is concentrated all 
the exterior ornamentation of the build- 
ing. In the circular niches, on either side 
of the arch of the entrance, are busts of 
Hudson and Columbus. Above the key- 
stone of the arch is the American eagle, and 
dependent from a staff, projecting above 
the bird, is a flag, bearing the state's 
arms. The barrelled, arched vestibule, 
forming the entrance to the building, 
opens to a columned hall, 56 by 80 feet in 
size. From this hall entrance is had to 
all the rooms on the floor. In the rear a 
10-foot staircase leads to the second floor. 
Here is the banquet hall, 46 by 80 feet, 
highly ornamented in staff, its groined 
ceiling 45 feet from the floor. Depend- 
ing from the ceiling are two electroliers, 
18 feet long, forming great clusters of 
incandescent lights. In the basement of 
the building is a large relief map of New 
York. On the first floor are parlors and 
toilet rooms for men and women, post 
office, information and baggage rooms. 
On either end of the banquet hall, on the 
second floor, are board rooms. The third 
floor is devoted to bedrooms, kitchen, and 
servants' rooms. 

Architects, McKim, Mead & White, of 



New York; contractors, The Geo. A. 
Fuller Co., of Chicago; cost, $77,000. 



* 



Ohio — Is Colonial in style, two stories 
high, of wood and staff, with tile roof. 
The ground area is 100 feet front by 80 
feet deep. The main entrance, on the ea t 
is within a semi-circular Colonial portico, 
thirty-three feet high, the roof supported 
by eight great columns. The tile roof," 
mantels, finishing woods, and much of 
the visible material are the gift of Ohio 
producers. The main entrance opens 
on a lobby, on the left of which is the 
women's parlor, and on the right a com- 
mittee room. Occupying the central por- 
tion of the building is the reception hall, 
23 by 36 feet, and 2S feet high, extend- 
ing through to the roof. The coved 
ceiling of the hall is ornamented. Back 
of the reception hall is an open court 
36 feet square, enclosed on three sides, 
the north and south sides being formed 
by the wings of the building. All of the 
north wing is occupied by the information 
bureau. The room is 30 by 59 feet, and 
is divided into offices by wire railings. 
In the south wing is the parlor for men, a 
writing room, a smoking room, and toilet 
rooms. On the second floor of the north 
wing is the assembly room, 30 by 42 
feet. The second floor of the south wing 
has a press correspondents' room, serv- 
ants' rooms, bed and bath rooms. 

Architect, James McLaughlin, of Cin- 
cinnati; contractors, Harlev & Sons, of 
Chicago; cost, $30,000. 



* 
* * 



■Pennsylvania. — The structure is in the 
Colonial style of architecture, while the 
front is an exact reproduction of old 
Independence Hall, having its entrances, 
bell-tower, and spire. Independence bell 
hangs in the tower. The rotunda within 
the entrance is finished in tile and slate, 
like the old hall. The building is rectangu- 
lar in form, two stories high, with a ground 
area of no by 166 feet. The corners of 
the front are quarter-circled in. Piazzas 
20 feet wide surround the building, and 
over them are verandas, with protecting 
balustrade. Outside staircases, right and 
left to the rear, lead to the garden on the 
roof. This roof is covered with American- 
made tin produced in Philadelphia. The 
outer walls to the roof line are of Phila- 
delphia pressed brick. Above the main 
entrance is the coat of arms of the state, 
in bas-relief, and on either side of it are 



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STATE BUILDINGS. 



heroic statues of Penn and Franklin. 
The front is further ornamented with two 
free groups of statuary, one emblematic 
of the arts and sciences, the other of 
mines and manufacture. The interior 
finishing represents, in the floors, native 
marble and hard woods from Pennsylvania, 
and the walls are wainscotted in wood, 
frescoed, and heavily corniced. The 
women's rooms are finished in maple and 
the men's in oak. The walls of the wo- 
men's rooms are ornamented with mural 
paintings by Pennsylvania women. All 
the ceilings are of stamped metal, and 
the staircases are of quartered oak. On 
the main floor is the reception room, 33 
by 56 feet, and on either side are parlors 
for men and women. On the second 
floor are rooms for the Governor, the 
press correspondents, the treasurer of the 
commission, and the board of commis- 
sioners. There are three bedrooms in 
the tower. The building is supplied with 
800 electric lights. 

Architect, R. Lonsdale, of Philadelphia; 
contractor, John G. Coder, of Harrisburg; 
cost, $60,000. 

Rhode Island— The Rhode Island build- 
ing is after the Greek manner, with col- 
umnar porticoes on four sides of the 
building, that on the west or front side 
semi-circular in plan, with arched openings 
between the Ionic pilasters, the latter 
being of the full height of the two stories. 

The building is amphiprostyle in that 
the north and south porches — each of the 
full width of the building — consist of 
four fluted Ionic columns, each 24 inches 
in diameter and 21 feet high, while the 
rear entrance is between Ionic fluted 
pilasters, the same as in front. 

The columns are surmounted by an 
enriched Ionic entablature with decorated 
mouldings, modillions and dentils, and 
above the entablature the building is 
finished with a balustrade surrounding 
the four sides of the roof, with ornametal 
urns over each pedestal in the balustrade. 
The building has a ground area of 32 by 
59 feet, two stories high, in wood and 
staff, in imitation of granite. Entrance 
is had to the building from all sides 
through French windows opening to the 
floor. The main hall is 18 by 25 feet, and 
is open to the roof. The parlor for 
women and the secretary's office are on 
the first floor. On the second floor are 
two committee rooms and a gallery around 



the main hall. The Governor's room 
occupies what may be called the second 
story of the porch on the west front. All 
the floors are hard wood, and the interior 
is finished in cypress. 

Architects, Stone, Carpenter & Wil- 
son, of Providence; contractors, Grace & 
Hyde, of Chicago; cost, $7,000. 

South Dakota — The building has a 
ground area of 70 by 126 feet, and is two 
stories high. The structure is frame, the 
exterior being covered with Yankton 
cement, in imitation of stone work. The 
roof is of corrugated iron and the cornice 
and brackets are pressed zinc. The main 
entrance is on the east, along which front 
extends a wide porch with heavy columns 
supporting a balcony from the second 
story. On the left of the main entrance 
is a women's parlor, on the right a men's 
reception room. In the main body of the 
building is the exhibition hall 44 by 58 
feet. Six feet above the main floor is an 
entresol, having committee rooms for the 
two boards of commissioners. In the 
northwest corner of the main floor is a 
room for press correspondents. The 
rotunda in the center of the building 
extends through to the roof and is covered 
with a skylight. The second floor is 
devoted to rooms for the woman's exhibit 
and for special state exhibits. 

Architect, W. L. Dow, of Sioux Falls; 
contractors, R. H. Booth & Son, of Sioux 
Falls; cost, $15,000. 

Utah — The building is frame, covered 
with staff; is two stories high, and has an 
area of 46 by 82 feet. In style the 
facade is modern Renaissance. The 
foundation, columns, pilasters, cornice, 
and other ornamental parts are made 
in imitation of the different kinds of stone 
in Utah. The walls are lined off in imi- 
tation of adobes. On the first floor is an 
exhibit hall, 41 by 45 feet, open to 
the roof and covered with a skylight. 
In the rear of this hall is a circular 
bay, and in this is the main stairway. On 
the first floor are rooms for commissioners, 
a reception room, secretary's office, and 
women's parlor. The second floor is 
similar in arrangement to the first, there 
being an exhibition room, 41 by 45 feet, 
and various office rooms. 

Architects, Dalles & Hedges, of Salt 
Lake City; contractors, Harlev & Sons, 
of Chicago; cost, $10,000. 



26 



STATE BUILDTNGS. 



Washington — The building has a ground 
area of 118 by 208 feet. It consists of a 
main structure with a pitched roof, two 
stories in height, with a tower on each 
corner, flanked by two wings one story 
high. The main building is 72 feet wide, 
and the wings are 140 feet wide. The 
structure is frame, with panels of plain 
plaster. The principal architectural fea- 
ture of the building is its foundation. It is 
made of five tiers of logs above the ground. 
The logs in the lower tier are four feet in 
diameter and 121 feet long. These lower 
logs have the bark on. The four upper 
tiers of smaller logs are peeled. This 
foundation constitutes a timber exhibit 
from Washington. The two wings form 
a single room each, and will be devoted to 
state exhibits. Nearly all of the first 
floor of the main building will be devoted 
to a reception room, while in the second 
story are committee rooms, parlors, recep- 
tion and toilet rooms. The roof is of 
shingles, and the interior is finished in 
cedar and fir. All of the material used in 
the building conies from Washington. 

Architect, Warren P. Skillings, of Seat- 
tle; contractors, Rigby & Evans, of 
Seattle; cost, including value of donated 
material, $100,000. 



* 
* * 



West Virginia — The" building is in the 
Colonial style, two stories high, with a 
pitched roof, the outer walls being weather- 
boarded and painted. It is representative of 
the West Virginia residence. The roof is 
shingled. The interior is finished in hard 
woods, the walls are plastered, and the 
ceilings are of ornamental iron work from 
Wheeling. All of the exposed material in 
the building is the product of the state. 
The main entrance is on the west, on a plat 
form porch. Above the entrance is the 
coat of arms of the state in bas-relief. 
Within the entrance is a vestibule, with 
rooms for the boards of commissioners 
on either side. Beyond the vestibule is a 
large reception hall flanked by parlors 
for women and men. Back of these 
parlors are toilet and retiring rooms. On 



the second floor front are two committee 
rooms, and the balance of the floor con- 
stitutes an assembly room and reception 
hall, 34 by 76 feet in size. There are four 
large fire-places in the building, two on 
each floor, with very ha ndsome carved wood 
mantels. The building has a ground area 
of 58 by 123 feet, including the semi-cir- 
cular verandas on the north and south. 

Architect, J. S. Silsbee, of Chicago; 
contractors, Thomas J. Miller, of Park- 
ersburg, Va. ; cost, $20,000. 



* 
* * 



Wisconsin — In architecture, this build- 
ing represents the Wisconsin home, being 
designed in no special style. All the visi- 
ble material comes from Wisconsin. The 
exterior is of Ashland brown stone, Me- 
nomonee pressed brick, and hard woods 
from various sections of the state. The 
roof is covered with dimension shingles. 
The window glass is plate. It is practi- 
cally three stories high, but apparently 
only two, one story being in the roof. Its 
ground area is 80 by 90 feet, exclusive of 
the verandas on the east and west, which 
are 18 feet wide. The semi-circular ver- 
andas on the north and south are entered 
only from the interior of the building. 
The second and third stories have veran- 
das on the east and west. The main en- 
trance faces the east and is 18 feet wide. 
The interior is finished entirely in oiled 
hard wood. The first floor is tiled and 
the ceiling is paneled in hard wood. On 
this floor are three fire-places, with man- 
tels in oak and maple. The first floor 
has a large reception room, men's and 
women's parlors and toilet rooms, an in- 
telligence office and a post office. The 
second floor has a historical room, and 
offices for the commissioners. On the 
west side of the floor is a large stained 
glass window, presented by the city of 
West Superior. On this floor are two 
mantels in pressed brick. The third floor 
has eight bedrooms. 

Architect, William Waters, of Oshkosh; 
contractors, Houle Bros., of Oshkosh; 
cost, $30,000. 



MIDWAY PLAISANCE. 



A strip of land 600 feet wide and seven- 
eighths of a mile long, between 59th and 
60th streets, containing 80 acres, connect- 
in^ Jackson and Washington parks In 
this section of the Exposition site will be 
located all the amusements and other at- 
tractions of the Fair, outside the main exhi- 
bition buildings. The following conces- 
sions will operate in the Midway Plaisance: 

Austrian Village— Represents a section 
of a street in old Vienna, called " Der 
Graben." The character of this conces- 
sion is similar to that of the German 

Village. _,, 

Bohemian Glass Factory— The entire 
process of making the celebrated Bohe- 
mian glassware will be shown, the work- 
men being native Bohemians. The build- 
ing is a reproduction of the native factories. 
Captive Balloon— lias a capacity of car- 
rying from twelve to twenty people to a 
height of 1 , 500 feet. The latest machin- 
ery known to serial navigation will be in- 
troduced in connection with this balloon, 
and it is also proposed to demonstrate to 
what practical uses balloons can be put. 

Dahomey Village— Consists of a settle- 
ment of from thirty to sixty natives, of 
both sexes, including a king and several 
chiefs. It is the purpose that these people 
shall perform their various dances, give 
their war-cries, and perform such rites 
and ceremonies as are peculiar to them. 

They will also have the privilege of 
selling such native merchandise as they 
may produce. This will consist of hand- 
made carvings, utensils of warfare and 
domestic utility. 

Dutch Settlement— Is a practical demon- 
stration of the habits and customs of the 
people of the South Sea Islands. The 
natives will sell their manufactured arti- 
cles, and give entertainments peculiar to 

their race. . 

East India Settlement— Similar in char- 
acter to the Dutch settlement. Natives 
will show their mode of living, will sell 
their wares, and typical jugglers and 
snake-charmers will perform. 

Ferris Wheel— This attraction is a 
wheel, 250 feet in diameter, swung on an 
axle, which rests upon towers 13 5 1 ' 



high. The purpose of the wheel is that 
there shall be hung from it, at different 
points on the perimeter, cars similar in 
character to those used in elevators, the 
lowest car resting on the ground as the 
people get into it. The wheel is then 
started In motion and the people make 
the complete circuit of 250 feet. 

The weight of this revolving mass is 
2,300 tons. 

German Village— Consists of a group 
of houses representative of a German 
village of the present time, and, in con- 
nection with this, a German town of 
mediaeval times. There are the houses of 
the Upper Bavarian mountains, the houses 
of the Black Forest, the Hessian and 
Altenburg house of Silesian Bauern, rep- 
resenting the middle Germans, the West- 
phalien Hof, the Lower Saxons, the Hal- 
lighaus, the Friesen, and the house from 
the Spreewald and Niederdeutsche. All 
are combined in a village. In the various 
houses is installed original household 
furniture, so characteristic as to be readily 
distinguished as belonging to particu- 
lar tribes. 

Hagenbeck Animal Show— T\v\s exhibit 
comes from Germany. Mr. Hagenbeck 
has a trained troupe of from sixty to ninety 
animals, including lions, tigers, dogs, 
cattle, horses, elephants, etc., at play 
about the cage. They go through many 
athletic performances, which can be 
believed only after it has been seen. 
Mr. Hagenbeck is recognized all over 
Europe as pre-eminently the leader in 
the domestication of wild animals. 

Ice Railway— The railway is built on 
an incline, and is a practical summer 
toboggan slide. The ice which covers the 
surface of the incline is made and perpet- 
uated by machinery. 

Irish Industries— An exhibit of the 
Irish cottage industries. There is in 
connection with this a reproduction 
of the ruins of Donegal Castle, making 
habitable such rooms as may be possible 
without destroying the historical beauty 
of the ruins. The purpose is to demon- 
strate the progress of the cottage induS' 
tries of Ireland, 
(27) 



28 



MIDWAY PLAISANCE. 



Japanese Bazaars — Show the Japanese 
people, their customs and merchandise. 
The bazaars are operated under contract 
with the Imperial Japanese Commission. 

Libbey Glass Exhibit — The company 
will demonstrate the production of glass- 
ware, except plate and window glass. 
Between fifty and seventy-five of the best 
cutters from the Toledo and Findlay 
shops will be employed. The building will 
be largely constructed of glass, and the 
exterior set with prisms of cut glass, like 
great diamonds. The plant has a sixteen- 
pit furnace, cutting, etching, engraving, 
and decorating shops, and a great dis- 
play of glassware, which will be for sale. 

Minaret Tower — A reproduction of a 
Turkish structure, the concession being 
operated by Turks. Among the attrac- 
tions here is a silver bed, once owned by a 
Sultan. It is said to weigh two tons and to 
be composed of 2,000 pieces. There will 
also be shown an immense embroidered 
tent, once owned by a Shah of Persia. 

Moorish Palace — This building will be 
in design after the style of old Moorish 
temples, the remains of which are still 
found in some portions of Spain and 
Northern Africa. It is proposed to intro- 
duce into this building various novelties 
in the line of illusions, camera obscura, etc. 
There is also a restaurant, which will be 
capable of seating 500 people. One of 
the great attractions in this building is 
the exhibit of $1,000,000 in gold coins. 

Morocco — Similar to the other national 
sections. 

Natatorium — The building is 190^250 
feet, and has a large swimming pool. 
There is a cafe and bakery in connection 
with the natatorium. 

Nursery Exhibit — This is the final 
exhibit in the Plaisance, occupying about 
five acres in the western end of the tract. 
It will be sought here to show the most 
artistic effects possible in a combination 
of flowers and shrubbery. 

Panorama of the Bernese Alps — Shows 
the scenery of the Alps, and in connection 
with this feature is an exhibition of the 
manufactured products of the country. 

Panorama of the Volcano of Kilauea — 
This volcano is supposed to have the 
greatest crater in existence. The visitor 
is taken to an island in the center of the 
crater, and, while surrounded by a sea of 
fire, views the scenery around the volcano. 

Pompeiian House — A reproduction of a 
typical house of ancient Pompeii. Installed 



in the house is an exhibit of articles gath- 
ered from the excavated ruins of the 
ancient city. 

Sliding Railway — On the southern edge 
of the Plaisance and extending its entire 
length. It is a French invention, and 
was first given a practical demonstration 
in the Paris Exposition of 1889. It is an 
elevated road, the cars having no wheels. 
The rail is eight inches wide, the substi- 
tute for the wheel being a shoe, which sets 
over the side of the rail, and is practically 
water-tight. Immediately behind each 
shoe is a pipe connection, in which is 
water under a pressure of about 150 
pounds. This water is forced under the 
shoe, and produces a film which raises the 
entire train about 1-16 of an inch from 
the rail. Connected with every second 
car is a turbine motor, which gets its 
water-power from the same source as does 
the pipe connecting w T ith the shoe. The 
power is delivered from a main pipe, 
extending the extreme length of the road, 
and lying under the track in sections of 
fifty feet; that is, the application power is 
changed at every interval of that distance. 
The speed claimed by the inventors is 120 
to 160 miles per hour. 

Street in Cairo — The street is consti- 
tuted in reproductions of historic build- 
ings in the Egyptian city. Shops, 
mosques, a theatre, a dancing hall, etc., 
are installed in the buildings. The cus- 
toms of the people are shown, many 
attractions peculiar to Arabia and the 
Soudan are introduced, and curiosities 
from the museums in Cairo and Alexan- 
dria are exhibited. 

Tower of Babel — Pleight, 400 feet; 
diameter at base, loo feet. The ascent 
of the tower is made by a double track, 
circular electric railway, by elevators, 
and by a broad walk. At the top a chime 
of bells is installed, and meteorological 
experiments are conducted. 

Tunisian and Algerian Section —Typical 
people of Northern Africa show here 
their mode of life, their amusements, and 
their manufacture. Several tribes are 
represented, each having its chief or 
sheik. The minaret tower is in this 
section. 

Turkish Village — A reproduction of one 
of the old street squares in Stamboul. 
The people and the goods of Turkey in 
Europe and Turkey in Asia are shown. 
Entertainments oeculiar to the people are 
given, 



GENERAL INFORMATION. 



Admission Fee — 25 cents during 
period of construction; 50 cents during 
the Exposition, from May 1 to October 

30, J 893- 

Area of Buildings— The total 
exhibition area under roof of all the 
buildings erected by the Exposition com- 
pany is 199.9 acres. Of this, about 50 
acres are in galleries, and 40 acres in the 
live-stock sheds. 

Area of the Grounds — 633 
acres. Of this, 80 acres are in the Mid- 
way Plaisance and 553 acres in Jackson 
Park. There are available for buildings 
556 acres, there being 77 acres in the 
wooded island and the interior water- 
ways. 

Board of Architects — Richard 
M. Hunt, Administration building; W. 
L. B. Jenney, Horticulture building, 
McKim, Mead & White, Agriculture 
building; Adler & Sullivan, Transporta- 
tion building; George B. Post, Manu- 
factures building; Henry Ives Cobb, 
Fisheries building; Peabody & Stearns, 
Machinery building; S. S Beman, Mines 
and Mining building; Van Brunt & 
Howe, Electricity building; C. B. At 
wood, Designer-in-Chief of the Construc- 
tion Department, is the architect of 
the Peristyle, Music Hall and Casino, 
the Fine Arts, Forestry, and Dairy build- 
ings, and the Terminal Railway Station. 
Miss Sophia B. Hay den is architect of 
the Woman's building. 

Boats — The interior water-ways of 
the ground will be equipped with speedy 
small boats for pleasure and transporta- 
tion purposes. The boats will be driven 
by steam and electric power. Every 
principal building on the grounds can be 
reached by water, and there is an orna- 
mental landing for each. There will be 
in the service a fleet of forty electric 
launches, carrying twenty-five people 
each. These will be known as "omni- 
bus" boats, making round trips of the 
water-ways and touching at each landing. 
A fleet of twenty "express" boats will 
make round trips, stopping only at 
each end of the route A fleet of twenty 



50-foot steam launches will ply in Lake 
Michigan, entering the grounds at the 
upper and lower inlets to the interior 
water-ways. On the interior water-ways, 
also, there will be a fleet of gondolas, 
manned by picturesque Venetians. These 
boats can be hailed at any point and en- 
gaged for time service, similar to the 
street cab. All Exposition boats are 
under the direction of Captain Arthur H. 
Clark, with title of commodore. 

Building Material — In the erec 

tion of the Exposition buildings, it is 
estimated 75,000,000 feet of lumber are 
required. This represents 5,000 acres of 
standing trees. The structural iron and 
steel required is 20,000 tons. 

Bureau of Public Comfort— 
An official department of the Exposition, 
acting under the direction and control of 
the Ways and Means Committee. Its 
purpose is to provide rooms and lodg- 
ings (without meals) for visitors to the 
Exposition in 1893, in hotels, boarding- 
houses, and private residences. The 
bureau, acting as agent, on the payment 
of a fee, engages rooms for the visitor 
for any period of the Exposition. In 
October the bureau had listed above 8,000 
rooms. During the Fair, the bureau will 
have charge of the Casino building, on 
the Exposition grounds, and will control 
the stationery, shoe-blacking, and bag- 
gage-checking privileges. 

Columbian Guards— A military 
organization, under the control and direc- 
tion of the Exposition company, and 
having no connection with the city police 
department. The guards are under com- 
mand of Col. Edmund Rice, U. S. Army, 
whose title in the guards is command- 
ant. The guards do police and fire- 
patrol duty inside the grounds. The 
force increases in number as the con 
struction work progresses. In October, 
1892, it numbered about 350 men. In 
May, 1893, it will probably number 2,000 
men. 

Cost of Exposition— The total 
cost of the Exposition to its close, and 
the winding up of its affairs, is estimated 



(30) 






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CO 

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32 



GENERAL INFORMATION. 



at $22,000,000. The cost of the build- 
ings is estimated at $8,000,000. 

Electricity — 17,000 horse-power 
for electric lighting is provided for 
the Exposition. This is three times 
the electric lighting power in use in 
Chicago, and ten times that provided for 
the Paris Exhibition of 1889. There is 
9,000 horse-power for incandescent lights, 
5,000 for arc lights," and 3,000 for machin- 
ery power. This supplies 93,000 in- 
candescent lights and 5,000 arc lights. 
The fjuildings provided with electric 
power are: Mines, Electricity, Agricul- 
ture, Transportation, and Manufactures. 
The electric plant cost $1,000,000. 

Esquimau Village— Is located 
just within and north of the 57th 
Street entrance on the shore of the north 
pond. The village will consist of a Mo- 
ravian chapel and twelve huts, occupied 
by sixty-one na.ives of Labrador — men, 
women, and children. The native dogs, 
sledges, tools, and implements will be 
shown. The people will demonstrate 
their domestic life and manufacture and 
sell goods. The men will give exhibitions 
of skill in handling canoes on the water of 
the pond. This feature of the fair is a 
concession, and a fee will be charged for 
admission. 

Fire Department — During the 
construction work consists of eighteen 
men, three engine houses, three two-horse 
engines, one one horse engine, one sixty- 
gallon hand tank (at the Forestry build- 
ing), twenty-six hose carts, with 13,250 
feet of hose, and 470 chemical hand 
extinguishers. The fire pressure is 100 
pounds to the square inch, supplied by 
the engines in the temporary power house. 
In the complete system of fire protection, 
there will be in each building a water 
stand-pipe, extending from the ground to 
the roof. Attached to ' the pipe on each 
floor, gallery, and roof is a reel of hose 
which throws water automatically with the 
unreeling of the hose. During the instal- 
lation of exhibits, and during the Fair, 
there will be a fire patrol on every floor, 
gallery, and roof. The city fire depart- 
ment is at the call of the Exposition force. 

Flowers — There will be displays of 
flowers in all parts of the grounds, but 
particularly around the Horticulture build- 
ing and on the Wooded Island. Here will 
be the rose garden, with more than 50,- 
000 rose-bushes in it. Here also will be 
every variety of flowering shrub and tree, 



with aquatic plants along the lagoon 
shores. There will be a " procession " of 
flowers throughout the six months of the 
Fair, special attention being devoted to 
each in its season. The Fair will open 
in May with 1,000,000 tulips in bloom 
around the Horticulture building, and 
will close in October with a great chrys- 
anthemum show. Inside the Horticulture 
building, the Fair will open with the 
greatest show of orchids ever seen. 

Foreign Buildings — Nearly all 
the great nations of the earth will erect 
special buildings on the ground. Many 
of them will be reproductions of world- 
renowned structures. 

Foreign Participation — The 
following nations and colonies will be rep- 
resented: 

Argentine Republic $100,000 

Austria 102,300 

Hungary 1 

Belgium . _, 57,900 

Bolivia ... 30, 700 

Brazil 600,000 

Bulgaria 

China - 500,000 

Chile 

Colombia 100,000 

Congo 

Costa Rica 150,000 

Denmark 67,000 

Danish West Indies 1,200 

Ecuador 125,000 

Egypt 

France 733,400 

Algeria . 

French Guiana 

French India . . . 

New Caledonia 

Tunis . _ - — 

Germany 690,200 

Great Britain 291,990 

Bahamas 

Barbadoes 5 , 8 4° 

Bermuda . . . . 2,920 

British Guiana 25,000 

British Honduras 7, 500 

Canada 100,000 

Cape Colony 50,000 

Ceylon 65,600 

Fiji 

India 

Jamaica 24,333 

Leeward Islands 6,000 

Malta 

Mashonaland 

Mauritius 

Newfoundland 



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34 



GENERAL IN FORMA TION. 



New South Wales $243, 325 

New Zealand 27,500 

Queensland 

South Australia 

Straits Settlements 

Tasmania 10,000 

Trinidad 15,000 

Victor-ia Q 7)3 3o 

West Australia 



Greece 



--■- 57, 9°° 

Guatemala . 200,000 

Hawaii 

Hayti 25,000 

Honduras 20,000 

Italy 

Erythria 

Japan 630,765 

Korea 

Liberia 

Madagascar 

Mexico 50,000 

Morocco 150,000 

Netherlands 

Dutch Guiana . . 10,000 

Dutch West Indies 5,000 

Nicaragua 30,000 

Norway 56, 280 

Orange Free State 7, 500 

Paraguay . ioo',ooo 

Persia 

Peru 

Portugal 

Madeira _ 

Roumania 

Russia 3 1 , 860 

Salvador 12,500 

San Domingo 25,000 

Servia ... 

Siam 

Spain 14,000 

Cuba 25,000 

Porto Rico 

Sweden 53,600 

Switzerland 23,160 

Transvaal 

Turkey _"_" i 1A fa 

Uruguay _ 24,000 

Venezuela 



140,000 



Total.. $5,956,449 

r itty nations. 

Thirty-seven colonies. 

Grading and Dredging— In 

this preparatory work, about 1,200,000 
cubic yards of earth were handled. The 
work began in February, 1891, and was 
finished the following July. Cost, $495,- 
000. The ground was originally a series of 
sand-ridges, covered with scrub oak trees. 



Insurance— Fire insurance to the 
amount of 80 per cent, of the full value 
of all its property is carried by the Ex- 
position company. The amount carried 
increases as the work of construction 
proceeds. When the buildings are fin- 
ished the amount of insurance will be 
about $6,000,000. The Exposition Com- 
pany will insure only its own property, 
or property held by it in trust, so that 
the amount of insurance will probably 
never be greater than $15,000,000. 

Interior Water-ways— Include 

eight divisions of water within the 
grounds, connecting with one another. 
The "Basin" extends east from the Ad- 
ministration building to Lake Michigan. It 
contains 10% acres. The "south canal" 
— 1% acres — extends south from the head 
of the Basin. The " north canal"— 3^ 
acres— extends north from the head of 
the Basin. The lagoon around the 
Wooded Island contains 23 acres. The 
lagoon north of the island, running to 
Lake Michigan, containg 3| acres. 
The lagoon south of the Agricultural 
building contains 8% acres. The lake 
south of the Fine Arts building, 7^ 
acres. The pond in the north part of 
the grounds contains 1% acres. Total 
area of interior water-ways, 61 acres. 

Medical and Surgical Bu- 
reau — A model hospital, fully equipped, 
is in operation, where visitors and em- 
ployes requiring treatment are given the 
best. The hospital building is near the 
62d street entrance. The bureau is in 
charge of Dr. J. E. Owens, medical direc- 
tor, with Drs. Norton R. Yeager, S. C. 
Plummer, G. P. Marquis, and W. H. All- 
port in active charge. 

Officers of the World's Co- 
lumbian Commission— President, 
Thomas W. Palmer; Secretary, John T.' 
Dickinson; Director-General, Geo. R. 
Davis. 

Department Chiefs — Agriculture, 
W. I. Buchanan; Horticulture, John m'. 
Samuels; Live-stock, Eber W. Cottrell; 
Fish and Fisheries, John W. Collins; 
Mines and Mining, F. J. V. Skiff- Ma- 
chinery, L. W. Robinson; Transportation, 
W. A. Smith; Manufactures, James Alli- 
son; Electricity, John P. Barrett; Fine 
Arts, Halsey C. Ives; Liberal Arts. S. 
H. Peabody; Ethnology, F. W. Putnam- 
Forestry, W. I. Buchanan, in charge- 
Publicity and Promotion, Moses P. Han- 
dy; Foreign Affairs, Walker Fearn; 



GENERAL INFORMATION. 



35 



Secretary of Installation, Joseph Hirst; 
Traffic Manager, E. E. Jaycox. 

President of the Board of Lady Mana- 
gers, Mrs. Bertha M. H. Palmer; Secre- 
tary, Mrs. Susan Gale Cook. 

Officers of the World's Co- 
lumbian Exposition— President, 
H. N. Higinbotham; First Vice-President, 
Ferd. W. Peck; Second Vice-President, 
R. A. Waller; Treasurer, A. F. Seeberger; 
Auditor, W. K. Ackerman; Secretary, H. 
O. Edmonds; Attorney, W. K. Carlisle; 
Traffic Manager, E. E. Jaycox; Director 
of Works, D. H. Burnham. 

The powers of the World's Columbian 
Commission and the World's Columbian 
Exposition are vested in the Council of 
Administration. Its members are H. N. 
Higinbotham and Chas. H. Schwab, rep- 
resenting the World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion, and J. W. St. Clair, of West Virginia 
and Geo. V. Massey, of Delaware, repre- 
senting the World's Columbian Commis- 
sion. 

Power — 24,000 horse-power of steam 
is provided for the Exposition. The 
engines are in the power house outside of 
Machinery Hall, and one of them is 
about twice the size arid power of the 
celebrated Corliss engine. Oil will be 
used for fuel. The boilers present a solid 
bank 600 feet long. Of the 24,000 horse- 
power, 17,000 is provided for electricity. 

Restaurants— During the Expo- 
sition there will be restaurants and dining- 
rooms in all the main buildings. There 
will be a dairy lunch in the Dairy build- 
ing, and a railroad lunch-counter in the 
Transportation building. There will be 
six restaurant buildings on the esplanade 
facing the Manufactures building on the 
lake shore. The capacity of the restau- 
rants will be about 30,000 persons per 
hour. 

Staff — A composition of plaster, 
cement, and hemp, or similar fiber. All 
the Exposition buildings, and many of 
the state buildings, will be covered with 
staff. It is lighter than wood, is fire- 
proof, water-proof, and, if kept painted, 
will last many years. The architectural 
and sculptural designs in the covering of 
the buildings are first modeled in clay, 
from which model molds are made, and 
the staff covering is then cast very much 
as iron is cast. Staff has been used for 
more than 100 years as a covering for 
buildings, notably in South America. 
The amount of this work on the main 



Exposition buildings is equal to the cov- 
ering of one wall of a four-story build- 
ing fifteen miles long. 

State Participation — All States 
and Territories will participate in the 
Exposition. The following thirty-one 
states and two territories have made 
appropriations through their legislatures: 

Arizona $ 30,000 

California 300,000 

Colorado.. 100,000 

Delaware 10,000 

Idaho 20,000 

Illinois ' 800,000 

Indiana 75.000 

Iowa 1 30,000 

Kentucky 100,000 

Louisiana -- 36,000 

Maine 40,000 

Maryland 60,000 

Massachusetts 1 50,000 

Michigan 100,000 

Minnesota 50,000 

Missouri 150,000 

Montana 50,000 

Nebraska . . . 50,000 

New Hampshire 25,000 

New Jersey 70,000 

New Mexico 25,000 

New York 300,000 

North Carolina 25,000 

North Dakota 25,000 

Ohio 125,000 

Pennsylvania 300,000 

Rhode Island 50,000 

Vermont 15,000 

Virginia 25 ,000 

Washington 100,000 

West Virginia . 40,000 

Wisconsin.. 65,000 

Wyoming 30,000 

Total $3,441,000 

The following eight states are raising 
funds by stock subscriptions: 

Alabama % 20,000 

Arkansas 40,000 

Florida 50,000 

Georgia 100,000 

Kansas 100,000 

Oregon 50,000 

South Dakota . 25 ,000 

Texas 30,000 

Total $415,000 

The states which have made appropri- 
ations, many of them, are raising addi- 
tional amounts to expend upon their 
representation at the Fair. These addi- 



36 



GENERAL INFORM A TION. 



tional amounts aggregate more than 
$750,000. The total expenditure by the 
states and territories will be nearly 
$5,000,000. 

Statue of the Republic— By 

Daniel C. French. The statue is 60 feet 
high, and stands on a ped stal 40 feet 
high, at the entrance to the basin from 
Lake Michigan. 

Stock Exhibit— In the extreme 
south part of the grounds. The build- 
ings provided are sheds, covering 40 
acres; a pavilion 280 by 440 feet, contain- 
ing a show ring and amphitheater for 
spectators; and three buildings for special 
animals and exhibits, each building being 
65 by 200 feet. The total cost of the 
buildings for live-stock is $335,000. 

World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion — The World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion was created by act of Congress, April 
25, 1890. The President of the United 
States, on December 24, i8qo, proclaimed 
the Exposition to the world, and invited 
foreign nations to participate. 

World's Congress Auxiliary 
— The object of the Auxiliary is to con- 
vene at Chicago, during the Exposition 
season of 1893, a series of World \s Con- 
gresses in all departments of thought. It 



has been recognized by the Government 
of the United States as the appropriate 
agency through which to conduct this im 
portant work, and its official announce- 
ment has been sent to foreign countries by 
the Secretary of State. The work has 
been divided into seventeen great depart- 
ments: Agriculture, Art, Commerce and 
Finance, Education, Engineering, Gov- 
ernment, Literature, Labor, Medicine, 
Moral and Social Reform, Music, Public 
Press, Religion, Science and Philosophy, 
Temperance Sunday Rest, and a General 
Department embracing congresses not 
otherwise assigned. These general de- 
partments have been divided into more 
than 100 divisions, in each of which a 
congress is to be held. Each division 
has its own local committee of arrange- 
ments. Nearly all of the world 's great 
thinkers, writers, and speakers have ac- 
cepted an invitation to participate in these 
congresses. The meetings for the most 
part, will be held in the Art Institute to 
be erected on the Lake Front Park. The 
officers of the auxiliary are C C. Bonney, 
president; Thos. B. Bryan, vice-president; 
Lyman J. Gage, treasurer; Benj. Butter- 
worth, secretary; Clarence E. Young, as- 
sistant secretary. 



DEDICATION CEREMONIES. 



October 20, 21, and 22, 1892. 



Dignity, impressiveness, and splendor 
will characterize the ceremonies of dedica- 
tion of the buildings of the World's 
Columbian Exposition at Chicago. Never 
before in the history of the United States 
has such a distinguished company assem- 
bled for any purpose as will grace the 
occasion when the palatial edifices of ihe 
Fair will be dedicated by the President of 
the United States. Acceptances to the 
invitations sent out give assurance that 
there will be present President Harrison 
and ! is Cabinet, Vice-President Morton, 
the Supreme Court of the United States, 
the foreign diplomatic corps, almost the 
entire Senate and House of Representa- 
tives, ex-Presidents Hayes and Cleveland, 
the Governors of nearly all of the States 
and Territories with their official staffs, 
many specially commissioned representa- 
tives of foreign countries, the high officers 
of the army and navy, and thousands of 
the most distinguished citizens of the 
several states of the Union. 

Preparations of elaborate description 
have been made for the great event. By 
concerted action of citizens, the streets 
and buildings of the city, particularly in 
the business center and in the direction of 
the Exposition grounds, will be tastefully 
and profusely decorated. Several changes 
have recently been made in the pro- 
gramme of ceremonies first arranged, one 
of the more important being the elimina- 
tion of the proposed water pageant. 
" The Procession of the Centuries," with 
its twenty-four symbolical floats. The 
main features of the programme, as finally 
agreed upon, are the following: 

Wednesday, October 19. 

In the evening the citizens of Chicago 
will tender a grand reception and banquet, 
at the Auditorium Hotel, to President 
Harrison. An orchestra of sixty musi- 
cians will render the programme of dances, 
and a military band will give the prome- 
nade music. Mandolin orchestras will 
play in the banquet-halls. 



Thursday, October 20. 

An imposing procession, indicative of 
peace, prosperity, and patriotism, partici- 
pated in by fraternal and other civic organ- 
izations, will march through the business 
portion of the city, and be reviewed by 
President Harrison and other distin- 
guished persons. The parade will be 
under the direction of Gen. Joseph Stock- 
ton of Chicago. Applications for posi- 
tions have been received from a sufficient 
number of societies to warrant the esti- 
mate that 80,000 people will be in line. 
Gen. Miles, Grand Marshal of the 
parade, has announced the line of march 
to be as follows: The procession will 
form on Congress street and streets south 
of it intersecting Michigan avenue. The 
column will move north along Michigan 
avenue about 10 o'clock. When Adams 
street is reached the line will be west to 
Wabash avenue, north to Lake street, 
west to State street, south to Adams 
street, and west to the reviewing stand, 
which will be in front of the post office, 
to Franklin street, south to Jackson, and 
east to State street. The procession will 
march a few blocks south and then dis- 
perse. 

The night of October 20th Col. Henry 
L. Turner will give a reception and ball 
to officers of the Army, Navy, Marine 
Corps, National Reserve, National Guard, 
and Loyal Legion. The entertainment 
will be held in the First Regiment armory, 
Michigan avenue and 16th street. 

On the same evening the Fellowship 
Club will give a dinner to President Har- 
rison and other distinguished guests. 

Friday, October 21. 

This will be Dedication Day proper, 
and the National Salute at sunrise will 
inaugurate the ceremonies. The proces- 
sion of invited guests will be formed near 
the Auditorium Hotel, on Michigan ave- 
nue, and proceed southward to Jackson 
Park in the following order: 



(38) 



DEDICA TION CEREMONIES. 



39 



1. Joint Committee on Ceremonies of 
the World's Columbian Commission and 
the World's Columbian Exposition. 

2. The Director-Ceneral of the World's 
Columbian Exposition, and the President 
of the Centennial Commission of 1876, 
at Philadelphia, and the Director-General 
thereof 

3. The President of the United States, 
the President of the World's Columbian 
Commission, and the President of the 
World's Columbian Exposition. 

4. The Vice-President of the United 
States, the Vice-President of the World's 
Columbian Commission, and the Vice- 
President of the World's Columbian Ex- 
position. 

5. The Secretary of State and the Sec- 
retary of the Treasury. 

6. The Secretary of War and the At 
torney-General of the United States. 

7. The Postmast.-r- General and the 
Secretary of the Navy. 

8. The Secretary of the Interior and 
the Secretary of Agriculture. 

9. The Diplomatic Corps.' 

10. The Supreme Court of the United 
States. 

t r. The Speaker of the House of Rep- 
resentatives and the Mayor of Chicago. 

12. Ex-President Hayes; escort, the 
Hon. John Sherman, Lyman J. Gage, 
ex-President of the World's Columbian 
Exposition. 

13. Ex-President Cleveland; escort, ex- 
Secretary Thomas F. Bayard, and W. T. 
Baker, ex-President of the World's Colum-. 
bian Exposition. 

14. The Senate of the United States, 
headed by the President pro tern. 

15. The House of Representatives. 

16. The Army of the United States 

17. The Navy of the United States. 

18. The governors and their staffs of the 
states and territories of the United States. 

19. Ex Cabinet officers. 

20. The orators and chaplains. 

2 T . Commissioners of foreign govern- 
ments to the World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion. 

22. Consuls from foreign governments. 

23. The World's Columbian Commis- 
sioners, headed by the Second, Third, 
Fourth, and Fifth Vice-Presidents thereof. 

24. The Board of Lady Managers, 
headed by the President thereof. 

25. One woman to represent each one 
of the thirteen original states. 

26. Board of Directors of the World's 



Columbian Exposition, headed by the 
Second Vice-President thereof, and the 
Director of Works. 

27. Board ot Management United 
States Government Exhibits. 

28. The Department Chiefs. 

29. The Staff Officers of the Director 
of Works. 

30. The City Council of Chicago. 
This procession, escorted by United 

States cavalry and light artillery, will pro- 
ceed south on Michigan avenue to 29th 
street, where it will receive the President 
of the United States; after which it will 
proceed south on Michigan avenue to 
35th street, thence east on 35th street to 
Grand boulevard; thence to Washington 
Park, where it will be formed in parallel 
lines on the west side of the parade 
grounds of the park 

When forming at the Auditorium the 
mounted troops that are to act as escorts 
to the governors of states and territories, 
and that will accompany them from the 
Auditorium to Washington Park, will 
take their position in the rear of the staff 
of the governor whom they escort, and, 
when the line of march is taken up, will 
proceed in their proper positions. 

The national and state troops will have 
been formed in the meantime by brigades 
in line of masses on the east side of the 
field at Washington Park. As the Presi- 
dent approaches the grounds, the Presi- 
dent's salute will be fired, and on his 
taking his position opposite the center of 
the line the commands will change direc- 
tion by the left flank, forming columns, 
and pass in review in the usual order, 
except that the distance in column will be 
that in mass. The "present" by the 
command and the ride around the line 
will be dispensed with, owing to the 
limited time. The troops having passed 
in review will then become the escort of 
honor for the entire procession, and will 
continue the march via 57th street to the 
Exposition grounds, thence to the Manu- 
factures and Liberal Arts building, 
where the troops will take positions 
assigned them, the officials occupying the 
platform prepared for them. As the 
President's carriage passes through the 
Exposition grounds, a battery on the 
Lake Front will fire the national salute. 

Programme in the Building. 

At 12:30 o'clock the following pro- 
gramme of exercises will take place in the 



40 



DEDICA TION CEREMONIES. 



Manufactures building, under the Direct- 
or General as master of ceremonies. 

i. 'Columbian March," composed by 
Prof. John K. Paine, of Cambridge. 

2. Prayer by Bishop Charles H. Fowler, 
D.D., L.L.D., of California. 

3. Introductory address by the Director- 
General. 

4. Address of welcome and tender of 
the freedom of the City of Chicago by 
Hempstead Washburne, Mayor. 

5.. Selected recitation from the Dedica- 
tory Ode, written by Miss Harriet Monroe 
of Chicago; music by G. W. Chad wick of 
Boston; reading by Mrs. Sarah C. Le 
Moyne. 

6. Presentation by the Director of 
Works of the Master Artists of the Expo- 
sition of the World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion, and award to them of special com- 
memorative medals. 

7 Chorus — "The Heavens are Tell- 
ing " — Haydn. 

8. Address — "Work of the Board of 
Lady Managers " — Mrs. Bertha Palmer, 
President. 

9. Tender of the buildings on behalf of 
the World's Columbian Exposition by the 
President thereof to the President of the 
World's Columbian Commission. 

10. Presentation of the buildings by 
the President of the World's Columbian 
Commission to the President of the United 
States for dedication. 

11. Dedication of the buildings by the 
President of the United States. 

12. "Hallelujah Chorus" from the 
" Messiah "—Handel. 

13. " Star Spangled Banner " and ' ' Hail 
Columbia," with full chorus and orchestral 
accompaniment. 

14. Columbian oration — Chauncey M. 
Depew, of New York. 

15. Prayer by his Eminence, Cardinal 
James Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore. 



16. Chorus — "In Praise of God" — 
Beethoven. 

17. Benediction by the Rev. H. C. 
McCook, of Philadelphia. 

18. National salute. 

The night of October 21 there will be a 
display of fireworks in Washington, Gar- 
field, and Lincoln Parks instead of in 
Jackson Park, as at first intended. 

Inaugural ceremonies in connection 
with the World's Congress Auxiliary will 
also take place the night of October 21 
at the Auduorium. President Harrison 
will be the honorary chairman for the 
occasion, and Archbishop Ireland will 
deliver the oration. 

Saturday, October 22. 

The dedication ceremonies will conclude 
on Saturday with the dedication of a number 
of the state buildings in Jackson Park, and 
military maneuvers in Washington Park. 

No admission fee will be charged for 
any part of the dedicatory exercises. Ad- 
mission to Jackson Park on Dedication 
Day, however, will be by invitation only, 
the authorities having reluctantly con- 
cluded that safety to life and to the Ex- 
position property, and the comfort and 
consideration to which the distinguished 
guests are entitled, preclude the possibility 
of admitting the general public. 

Arrangements have been made for seat- 
ing 90,000 people in the Manufactures 
building, and room for 35,000 more peo- 
ple will be provided. There will be 1 5 , 000 
■reserved seats for specially invited per- 
sons, whose tickets will indicate the por- 
tions of the hall where good. All other 
ticket-holders, excepting 2 500 distin- 
guished guests, will occupy seats in the 
order of first come first served. Accom- 
modations have been provided for all ex- 
pected representatives of the American 
and foreign press. 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRES! 



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ADMINISTRATION BUILDING. 



